RECURSOS DE APRENDIZAJE
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Simultaneous equations and inequations
Solving equations, simultaneous equations and inequations belongs to the branch of mathematics called Algebra. These equations are often used in the field of science to assist with their most important task: that of solving problems. Throughout the history of mathematics numerous mathematicians have dedicated many years of study to the procedures needed to solve equations and simultaneous equations. In this unit we focus on quadratic or higher degree equations, linear and quadratic simultaneo...
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Analytical Geometry
In this unit we will approach the study of the straight line in a plane considering thoroughly the necessary concepts to do so. We will be working with numerical and geometric elements to find algebraically the concepts associated with the study in a plane. In some places geometry will be contemplated where it can be shown how an analytical method can be used to simplify geometric concepts.
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Continuity and discontinuities
This unit deals with the concept of continuity of functions. It carries on from previous units which dealt with limits of functions and the properties of these limits. Firstly, we take an intuitive approach to introduce the concept of continuity through different examples. The unit then follows on with a detailed analysis of the concept of continuity and ends by focusing on the different types discontinuities.
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Logarithmic function
The Logarithmic function is of great importance in the world of mathematics. It constitutes a very useful way of making certain numerical calculations. It represents the inverse of an exponential function which is one of the most commonly found functions in the world around us. Certain examples where it can be found include a colony of bacteria reproducing, the disintegration of a radioactive substance, some examples of population growth, inflation, capitalising money invested with compound i...
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Inverse functions
The origin of the concept of functions has always been closely linked to the study of the phenomena of change. The oldest written references can be found amongst the writings of Babylonian astronomers. In the Middle Ages the study of functions appeared to be linked to the concept of movement. Nicole Oresme (1323-1392), a scholar interested in this concept, gave graphical representations showing change in velocity with respect to time. Three centuries later, Galileo studied movement from a qua...
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Exponential equations and logarithms
Exponential and logarithmic functions are the most common types of functions which exist in the world around us. As a result there are many problems which may require the use of exponential or logarithmic equations in order to solve them. One example of this is the Richter scale, which measures the magnitude M of an earthquake according to the amplitude of its surface waves A Hence: M=log A+C where C =3.3+1.66 logD-logT is a constant which depends on the period of time that the waves are regi...
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The definite integral and the area function
In this unit we shall demonstrate this method of exhaustion with an example. We shall then apply the same idea to introduce intuitively the concept of the definite integral of a function and we shall focus on some of its properties. Finally, we shall look at the relationship between the definite integral and finding antiderivatives.
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Sequences of real numbers
This unit introduces the concept of a sequence of real numbers and shows how they can be represented on two types of graphs, one on the Cartesian plane and the other on a straight line.
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Quadratic functions. Parabola curves
This unit deals with graphs of second degree polynomial (quadratic) functions. It starts by looking at the simplest graph, y = x2, and focuses on different types of quadratic functions, relating them back to this initial example by using translations.
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The Bolzano and Weierstrass Theorems
Assumptions are carefully analyzed and the thesis of the theorems of Bolzano and Weierstrass on continuous functions. We study some of its most important applications.
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Applications of the derivative
Using the concept of the derivative we are going to study some of the local properties of functions. Drawing their graphs will be made much easier through the study of these characteristics. This unit also aims to obtain information about functions from their derivatives.
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Geometric construction of conic sections
In this unit you will learn how to construct different conic sections (the parabola, the hyperbola and the ellipse) geometrically using basic geometric elements such as segments, their midpoints, perpendicular lines and circles. You will be able to draw these shapes in the windows as if you were drawing on a sheet of paper, the only difference being that the computer will save you having to draw several straight lines by hand.
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Exponential function
Exponential functions are of great importance in mathematics. These functions are the ones which are most commonly found in the world around us. The following represent examples of exponential behaviour: a colony of bacteria reproducing, the disintegration of a radioactive substance, some examples of population growth, inflation, capitalising money invested with compound interest etc.
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Bounded sequences
This unit introduces the concepts of upper bound, lower bound, supreme, lowest, highest and lowest of a sequence of real numbers for the sequences calsificar as lower bound bounded bounded above bounded not
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Polynomials
This unit focuses on algebraic expressions in general and then specifically on monomials and polynomials. We take a close look at operations with monomials and polynomials, particularly at the division of polynomials by the binomial (x - a), Ruffini's rule and factorizing polynomials.
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Graphical representation derivative
The activities which follow are designed to familiarise the student with the concepts of the secant and tangent to a curve, to observe how the former approaches the latter and to understand the limit as a process which can be observed and checked.
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